一、对回民领导者评价的变迁 首先谈谈中国学者对这次起义的回民领导者的评价。建国初期,不用说这次陕甘回民起义,即是在新疆的“起义”,甚至对与此有联系的阿古柏政权,都给予了肯定的评价。所有的反对清朝的武力行动都作为起义而被肯定。马霄石在《西北回族革命简史》(上海·“东方书社”1951年)中虽然指责了陕西的孙玉宝,但强调了洪兴的作用。称白彦虎为“劳苦人民出身,革命意志最强”。而对马化龙友好地记述为“以宗教家的思想处理革命战争”。 First, changes in the evaluation of Muslim leaders First of all, to talk about Chinese scholars on the insurrection of Muslim leaders of the evaluation. In the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic, it goes without saying that this Muslim uprising in the Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces was an “uprising” in Xinjiang and even affirmed the affirmative assessment of the Aguber regime linked to this. All the anti-Qing military actions were affirmed as an uprising. Although he criticized Sun Yubao of Shaanxi in “A Brief History of Hui Revolution in Northwest China” (Shanghai Oriental Book Company, 1951), he emphasized Hongxing’s role. Bai Yanhu said that as a “poor working people, the most revolutionary will.” And friendly to Ma Hu Long as “the religious revolution to deal with revolutionary ideas.”