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分析表明:我国59个自育甘蔗品种的细胞质源只有3个,即班扎马新黑潭、黑车里本和卡路打布廷,尤以前者为最多,细胞质相当集中。59个品种的总遗传组成源远比细胞质源广泛,有19个,但这些品种间的遗传组成源非常相近;在它们之间或与至今仍常用的亲本杂交,其后代的种性难有重大突破。栽培甘蔗品种的早熟高糖性不只源于一二个原始种,而是多源的,是逐步积累的结果。59个自育品种仅来自于35个直接亲本,以 F134育成的品种最多,其次是 CP 49/50、F108、Co419、CP28/11等。同一种质在不同地区和不同组合中广泛使用并有成效,说明该种质确实有作为优良亲本的特性,但也造成许多品种大同小异。F134是一个适应性很广的良种,但它的后代却无一在这方面超过它,一个重要原因是它的双亲的遗传组成源差异,大于它与之交配的另一亲本间的差异,这种差异是其后代适应性的重要物质基础。本文在扩大遗传组成源、亲本利用、早熟高糖性和适应性育种方面进行了探讨。
The results showed that there were only three cytoplasmic sources in 59 varieties of self-raised sugarcane in our country, namely, Banzan New Black Lake, Heishibeili and Caliphate, especially the former with the most abundant cytoplasm. The total genetic composition of the 59 cultivars was much wider than that of the cytoplasm, with 19 genera, but the genetic composition of these cultivars was very similar; there was no significant breakthrough in their descendants’ species, either between them or with their commonly used parents . The precocious high sugar content of cultivated sugarcane varieties is not only derived from one or two original species, but from multiple sources, which is the result of gradual accumulation. The 59 self-cultivated varieties only came from 35 direct parents, the most cultivated varieties were F134, followed by CP 49/50, F108, Co419 and CP28 / 11. The same species is widely used and effective in different regions and combinations, indicating that this germplasm does have the characteristics of an elite parent, but also causes many breeds to be more or less identical. F134 is a well-adapted variety, but none of its descendants exceed it in this respect, an important reason being that the genetic composition of its parents is greater than the genetic composition of its parents, which is the difference between the other parents, which Variation is an important material basis for the adaptability of its offspring. This article explores the aspects of enlarging genetic components, parental utilization, early maturity, high sugar and adaptive breeding.