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近十多年来,新生儿坏死性肠炎(下简称NNE)发病率明显增加,占新生儿特护室3～8%,占早产婴死亡尸解率3%,为新生儿特护室最常见的外科急症。我国最近亦有病例报告,其特点为不同长度、深度、弥漫性或斑点状肠壁坏死。病变部位可短至几cm,长至整个消化道(十二指肠除外);可为粘膜浅在性溃疡至肠壁坏死穿孔—腹膜炎。死亡率很高,以前报告生存率仅为20%左右,近年来由于诊断治疗技术不断提高,最近有些报告生存率提高到60～80%。一、发病机制及促发因素原因仍未尽明。学者们提出原因很多,普遍认为有如下三点: (一)肠道缺血、缺氧、粘膜受损:Lloyd首先提出肠道缺血、缺氧、粘膜损害为产生NNE的基础
In recent ten years, neonatal necrotic enteritis (NNE) incidence increased significantly, accounting for 3 to 8% of neonatal intensive care unit, accounting for 3% of premature infant death rate of autopsy, neonatal care unit for the most common surgical Emergency. Recently, our country has also reported cases, which are characterized by different length, depth, diffuse or speck-like intestinal wall necrosis. Lesions can be as short as a few cm, grow up to the entire digestive tract (except for the duodenum); for mucosal superficial ulcers in the intestinal wall necrosis perforation - peritonitis. The mortality rate is very high. The previously reported survival rate was only about 20%. In recent years, some reports have reported survival rates of 60-80% due to the continuous improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. First, the pathogenesis and cause of the causes have not yet made it clear. Scholars put forward many reasons, generally believed that the following three points: (A) intestinal ischemia, hypoxia, mucosal damage: Lloyd first proposed intestinal ischemia, hypoxia, mucosal damage is the basis for the generation of NNE