利用大鼠胚胎中脑神经细胞进行原代培养，研究了醋酸铅的细胞毒性及其对神经元分化的影响。细胞毒性试验提示醋酸铅的半数存活抑制浓度（ＩＣＶ５０）为２２ｍｇ／Ｌ。染毒组的细胞集落形成率降低，细胞体积小，细胞间神经纤维减少等形态学变化，其中前者呈剂量—效应关系，表明醋酸铅可抑制胚胎神经细胞的分化、增殖，半数分化抑制浓度（ＩＣＤ５０）为３０ｍｇ／Ｌ，（Ｖ／Ｄ）的比值为７３。本研究表明抑制细胞分化、增殖可能是醋酸铅致发育危害的重要作用机理 Primary cultured rat embryonic mesencephalic neurons were used to study the cytotoxicity of lead acetate and its effect on neuronal differentiation. Cytotoxicity tests suggested that the median survival inhibition of lead acetate (ICV50) was 22mg / L. The former showed a dose-effect relationship, indicating that lead acetate can inhibit the differentiation and proliferation of embryonic nerve cells, the concentration of half-differentiation inhibition (ICD50 ) Was 30mg / L, (V / D) ratio of 73. This study shows that inhibition of cell differentiation and proliferation may be an important mechanism of lead-induced development of harm