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果品机械损伤是指果实在采收、贮藏、运输、销售过程中因受到跌落、碰撞、挤压、摩擦作用而引起果实变形,果皮、果肉破损等伤害。这种伤害能导致微生物的侵害,引起整个果实的腐烂,严重影响果品质量及经济效益。一个完好的果实采收后送到消费者手中需经过近十道工序,包括采收、田间运输、水洗、打蜡、分级贴标、包装、贮藏、运输、销售等。因此,保证每道工序的操作管理质量对减少果品损伤至关重要。1.收获目前国内果品均采用人工采收,采收人员须经过培训,遵守操作规程;采用合适的采收工具,盛果用的篮、箱要结实,其内壁及底部铺垫软质泡沫塑
Fruit mechanical damage refers to the fruit in the collection, storage, transportation, sales process due to drop, collision, extrusion, friction caused by fruit deformation, peel, pulp damage and other injuries. This damage can lead to microbial invasion, causing the decay of the entire fruit, seriously affecting the quality of fruit and economic benefits. After a good fruit is harvested and delivered to consumers, it takes nearly 10 processes including harvesting, field transportation, washing, waxing, grading, packaging, storage, transportation and sales. Therefore, ensuring the quality of the operational management of each process is crucial to reducing fruit damage. 1. Harvesting At present, all domestic fruits are harvested by hand. Harvesting personnel shall be trained to comply with operating procedures. Suitable harvesters shall be used to collect fruit baskets and boxes, and their inner walls and bottom shall be paved with soft foam