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基于江汉平原1990、1995、2000、2005、2009年5个年份行政村尺度的钉螺面积分布数据,借助ArcGIS软件平台建立了钉螺分布数据库,运用全局自相关、聚类和异常值分析及热点分析方法分析了1990~2009年5个年份的钉螺时空分布特征。结果显示钉螺分布总体上存在显著的空间自相关性,分布模式主要呈现高值聚类,仙桃与洪湖交界处一直都是钉螺分布的高发正热点区域,即钉螺分布面积比较多。从时间变化规律来看,1990、2000和2009年是钉螺分布模式和热点区域发生变化的重要时间节点。研究结果对于钉螺扩散的防控、减少血吸虫病的传播有着重要的理论和现实意义。
Based on the data of snail area distribution in administrative villages in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2009 in Jianghan Plain, the snail distribution database was established by using ArcGIS software platform. Using global autocorrelation, clustering and outlier analysis and hot spot analysis The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Oncomelania snails in five years from 1990 to 2009 were analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant spatial autocorrelation in Oncomelania snails distribution, and the distribution patterns mainly showed high value clustering. The junction of Xiantao and Honghu Lake was always the hot area with high distribution of Oncomelania snails. From the time variation law, 1990, 2000 and 2009 are snail snail distribution patterns and hot spots in the region of important time changes. The research results have important theoretical and practical significance for prevention and control of snail diffusion and reduction of schistosomiasis transmission.