问题的提出　　喷油器质量好坏是影响柴油机热力状态的主要因素之一。喷油器工作不良造成柴油机在运用中排气总管、排气支管发红破损，增压器转子固死，严重影响机车的正常运用。从各机务段内燃机车喷油器的使用与统计来看，其偶件故障最为突出，而偶件故障最根本的问题是 6 The question put forward the quality of the injector is one of the main factors affecting the thermal state of the diesel engine. Injector bad work caused by diesel exhaust pipe in use, exhaust manifold red damage, supercharger rotor solid death, seriously affecting the normal operation of the locomotive. From the locomotive depot locomotive fuel injector use and statistics point of view, the most outstanding occasional fault, and even the most fundamental problem is fault 6