近年来,马克思的需要理论一直是学界关注的热点。学者们就需要的性质、类型与发展趋势,需要与生产力、人的本质的关系诸问题展开了详尽探讨。从基本立场上看,大致形成两种见解:一种观点认为需要概念是马克思理论的核心范畴和唯物史观的逻辑起点,是我们理解马克思整体思想的关键 In recent years, Marx’s theory of need has always been a focus of academic attention. Scholars have discussed in detail the nature, types and development trends needed, the issues that need to be related to productivity and the nature of human beings. From the basic standpoint, there are roughly two kinds of opinions: one view holds that the concept of necessity is the logical starting point of the core category of Marxist theory and the historical materialism, and is the key to understanding Marx’s overall thinking