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目的了解绍兴地区流感嗜血杆菌在儿童呼吸道疾病中的感染情况及耐药性现状,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法采集绍兴市人民医院2011年10月-2014年10月就诊患儿的咽拭子和痰液标本共1 328份进行细菌培养鉴定及药敏试验。结果检测出阳性标本116份,阳性率为8.7%;0~3岁患儿所占构成比最高,占80%;复方新诺明耐药率最高,为80.17%;其次为氨苄西林,耐药率为26.72%;利福平、头孢呋辛、莫西沙星耐药率分别为12.93%、6.90%、6.03%;头孢曲松、氨曲南、美罗培南耐药率皆为0;β-内酰胺酶的阳性率为38.8%。结论流感嗜血杆菌是绍兴地区儿童呼吸道感染中的常见致病菌,其对复方新诺明及氨苄西林耐药率高,临床上可经验性选用头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类和单酰胺环类等抗菌药物或根据药敏结果合理选择用药。
Objective To understand the status of infection and drug resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in children with respiratory diseases in Shaoxing, and provide a reference for the rational use of antibacterials in clinic. Methods A total of 1 328 pharyngeal swabs and sputum samples were collected from Shaoxing People’s Hospital from October 2011 to October 2014 for bacterial culture identification and drug sensitivity test. Results A total of 116 positive samples were detected, the positive rate was 8.7%. The highest proportion of children aged 0-3 years was 80%, and the highest was 80.17%. The second was ampicillin resistance The rates of resistance to rifampicin, cefuroxime and moxifloxacin were 12.93%, 6.90% and 6.03% respectively. The resistance rates of ceftriaxone, aztreonam and meropenem were all 0; The positive rate of amidase was 38.8%. Conclusion Haemophilus influenzae is a common pathogen in children with respiratory tract infection in Shaoxing area. It has high resistance rates to cotrimoxazole and ampicillin. Cephalosporins, quinolones and monoamide rings Antibiotics or other drugs based on the rational choice of drug susceptibility results.