经典作家马克思和恩格斯,在许多地方从思维的角度把古希腊罗马时代、实证科学时代和从19世纪开始的科学革命时代进行对比研究。揭示出它们各自不同的历史特点、地位作用和发展过程。本文拟在此基础上,提出“思维形态”概念,以概括反映人类思维在不同时代的特殊本质、表现形式和转换过程。 The classic writers Marx and Engels, in many places, compared the ancient Greek and Roman times, the empirical science era and the era of scientific revolution starting from the 19th century from a thinking perspective. Reveal their different historical features, status and development process. Based on this, this article proposes the concept of “thinking form” to reflect in a general way the special essence, manifestations and transformation process of human thinking in different times.