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目的:分析肝硬化并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎(SBP)的病原学及耐药性。方法:抽取2018年7月至2020年7月于运城市中心医院接受治疗的肝硬化并SBP患者81例，所有患者均接受病原菌培养及药敏试验，分析肝硬化并SBP患者的病原学及耐药性情况。结果:81例肝硬化并SBP患者中共检出86株菌株，其中单菌感染76例(93.83%)，复合菌感染5例(6.17%)。86株菌株中革兰阳性菌53株(61.63%)，革兰阴性菌33株(38.37%)；革兰阳性菌中溶血葡萄球菌最多，占17.44%，其次为表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌，分别占13.95%、11.63%；革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌最多，占16.28%，其次为肺炎克雷伯菌，占10.47%。溶血葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌对红霉素耐药性最高，耐药率均为100.00%，其次为青霉素G、克林霉素；对万古霉素、呋喃妥因、替考拉宁耐药性最低，耐药率均为0。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林耐药性最高，耐药率均为100.00%，其次为复方新诺明、左氧氟沙；对克林霉素、红霉素，美罗培南耐药性最低，耐药率均为0。结论:肝硬化并SBP患者多为单菌感染，主要致病菌为革兰阳性菌，其次为革兰阴性菌，且不同病原菌在不同抗菌药物中耐药性不同，临床可根据患者药敏试验结果为其合理选择抗菌药物治疗。“,”Objective:To analyze the etiology and drug resistance of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods:Eighty-one patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by SBP treated in Yuncheng Central Hospital from July 2018 to July 2020 were selected. All patients received pathogen culture and drug sensitivity test. The etiology and drug resistance of SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis were analyzed.Results:A total of 86 strains were detected in 81 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by SBP, including 76 cases (93.83%) single bacterial infection and 5 cases (6.17%) complex bacterial infection. Among the 86 strains, 53 strains were Gram-positive (61.63%), 33 strains were Gram-negative (38.37%). Among Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus haemolyticus accounted for 17.44%, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (13.95%) and Enterococcus faecalis(11.63%). Among Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli was the most, accounting for 16.28%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.47%). Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis had the highest resistance to erythromycin, with the resistance rates of 100.00%, followed by penicillin G and clindamycin. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecali had the lowest resistance to vancomycin, nitrofurantoin and teicoplanin, with the drug resistance rates of 0. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae had the highest resistance to ampicillin, with the drug resistance rate of 100.00%, followed by cotrimoxazole and levofloxacin. While Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae had the lowest resistance to clindamycin, erythromycin, and meropenem, with the resistance rates of 0.Conclusions:Most of the patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by SBP are single bacteria infection, and the main pathogenic bacteria are Gram-positive bacteria, followed by Gram-negative bacteria. At the same time, different pathogens have different drug resistance in different antimicrobial agents. According to the results of drug sensitivity test, we can choose reasonable antimicrobial treatment for patients.