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鄂西山区历来是地质灾害高发区域,随着近年来重大工程建设的开展,三峡库区175m蓄水,南方强降雨等极端气候的影响,大量地质灾害发生变形破坏乃至失稳。本文在1∶50 000区域地质灾害调查的基础上,通过成果资料数据统计,梳理出研究区地质灾害数量、类型、规模等发育特征,同时对其时空分布特征和形成条件进行系统分析。分析表明:地质灾害的分布与地貌有密切的关系,地质灾害多发育在高程300~800m、坡度20°~40°的范围内;70%以上灾害发育在侏罗系蓬莱镇组(J3p)、遂宁组(J3s)和沙溪庙组(J2s)岩性段中,且顺向结构岸坡中地质灾害最为发育;地质灾害具有沿主要构造断裂两侧呈条带状分布的特征。通过走访、现场调查掌握了诱发地质灾害主要自然因素为降雨和库水波动,人为因素为人类工程活动。依据地质灾害目前现状和发展趋势,提出对策建议,以期为该区域地质灾害防治提供参考。
Western Hubei Province has always been a high-risk area for geological disasters. With the development of major projects in recent years, the 175m impoundment in the Three Gorges reservoir area and the extreme climate such as heavy rainfall in the southern part of China, a large number of geological disasters have been deformed or even destabilized. Based on the 1:50 000 regional geological disasters survey, this paper presents the development characteristics of the number, type and scale of geological disasters in the study area through the statistical data of the result data. At the same time, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and formation conditions are systematically analyzed. The analysis shows that the distribution of geological disasters is closely related to the geomorphology. Geological disasters develop more in the range of elevation 300 ~ 800m and slope 20 ° ~ 40 °. Over 70% of the disasters develop in the J3p of Jurassic Penglaizhen Formation, Suining Formation (J3s) and Shaximian Formation (J2s), and the geological disasters are most developed in the slope of the forward structure. The geological disasters are characterized by the distribution along both sides of the main tectonic fault. Through the visit, the site investigation grasped the main natural factors of induced geological disasters as rainfall and the fluctuation of reservoir water. Human factors were human engineering activities. According to the current status quo and development trend of geological disasters, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of geological disasters in this area.