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复合材料是由两种或多种性质不同的物质组成的多元材料,具有比各组分材料更优异的或原来不具备的性能。聚苯胺(PANI)作为最具应用前景的导电高分子材料,国内外对基于PANI的复合材料的研究也愈加关注。本文对PANI复合材料制备方法的研究成果进行了综述,主要包括原位化学法、共混法、电化学法、层层自组装法等。探讨了PANI复合材料在电极、导电、防腐、传感、分离、催化等方面的应用性能,并展望了PANI复合材料今后研究与应用的发展方向。
Composite materials are multicomponent materials composed of two or more substances with different properties, which have more excellent or nonexistent properties than the individual components. Polyaniline (PANI) as the most promising conductive polymer materials, domestic and foreign PANI-based composites are also increasingly concerned about the research. In this paper, the research results of PANI composite materials preparation methods are summarized, including in situ chemical method, blending method, electrochemical method, layer self-assembly method. The application properties of PANI composites in electrode, conductivity, corrosion protection, sensing, separation, catalysis and so on were discussed. The future development of PANI composites was also discussed.