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针对某工程使用的热管散热器传热性能的影响因素进行了分析,发现充液量是决定热管散热器换热性能的关键所在。为此,对Nusselt(努塞尔特)竖壁膜状冷凝理论解进行了修正和补充,从而得出适合工程应用的理论计算式。依据此式计算出某地铁牵引系统热管散热器的理论充液量应为2.85 g,再按国家标准规定的热管传热性能试验方法对不同充液量的热管进行研究,得出了额定功率下散热器热阻随充液量变化的规律。经分析认为,散热器的最佳充液量为3g,该结果经试验证明与理论计算一致。同时通过对该充液量热管进行传热极限试验,证明3 g的充液量不仅具有适当的设计余量,还可以保证地铁系统出现过载工况时系统的运行可靠。
According to the analysis of the influencing factors of the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe radiator used in a project, it is found that the filling volume is the key factor that determines the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe radiator. To this end, Nusselt (Nusselt) vertical wall membrane condensation theoretical solution has been amended and supplemented, so as to draw the theoretical calculation formula suitable for engineering applications. Calculated according to this formula a subway traction system heat pipe radiator theoretical charge volume should be 2.85 g, and then according to national standards for heat pipe heat transfer performance test methods for different liquid volume of heat pipe was studied, obtained at rated power Radiator thermal resistance with the volume change of the law. The analysis shows that the best heat sink liquid volume of 3g, the results of the test proved consistent with the theoretical calculations. At the same time, the heat transfer limit test of the liquid filled heat pipe is carried out to prove that the liquid volume of 3 g not only has the proper design margin, but also ensures the reliable operation of the system when the subway system is overloaded.