新生儿真菌感染包括皮肤黏膜感染和全身感染,健康足月儿主要发生皮肤黏膜感染,如口腔感染和尿布皮炎。新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)患儿可因早产、免疫功能发育不成熟、各种疾病继发免疫功能低下引起全身真菌感染。当患儿存在全身感染表现,正常无菌体腔液(包括尿液、脑脊液、腹水)真菌培养阳性,为侵袭性真菌感染(invasive fungal infection,IFI)。真菌已成为NICU发生感染的重要病原菌,NICU医院内感染病原中真菌占10%～15%[1]。美国疾病预防控制中心(CDC)国家医 Neonatal fungal infections include mucocutaneous infections and systemic infections, and healthy term infants develop mainly mucocutaneous infections such as oral infections and diaper dermatitis. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) children may be due to premature birth, immature immune development, various diseases secondary to immune dysfunction caused by systemic fungal infections. In children with systemic infection, normal fungal (including urine, cerebrospinal fluid and ascites) cultures were positive for invasive fungal infection (IFI). Fungus has become an important pathogen of infection in NICU, NICU hospital infection of fungi in the pathogens accounted for 10% to 15% [1]. National Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)