论文部分内容阅读
最近许多同志来信询问,为什么狂犬病疫苗有的强调要注射14～21针,有的仅注射5针,到底哪个对,应如何掌握注射针数。目前预防狂犬病的疫苗,由于培养狂犬病毒的基质不同,主要分为三种:动物脑组织疫苗、鸭胚疫苗及组织培养疫苗。由于制备方法不同,所需注射的次数、注射途径及接种后人体对疫苗的反应等也不同。现将有关狂犬病疫苗等问题简要介绍如下:一、疫苗种类及特点1.山浦(Semple)疫苗:是神经组织制备的疫苗(N.T.V.),其制备是以固定毒感染羊脑(或兔脑),经石炭酸灭活而制成。预防接种时,需注射14～21次为一疗程,成人每次2毫升,分别在腹壁、背部等处交替作皮下注射,一般每日注射一次。若单独使用疫苗,14天量已够产生免疫效果;若咬伤部位在面部、颈部、手指或合并免疫血清同时注射,则需21天(针)。
Recently, many comrades have asked us why some rabies vaccines emphasize injection of 14 to 21 needles, others need only 5 needles. In the end, what should be the needles? The current vaccine against rabies, rabies virus culture because of the different matrix, divided into three types: animal brain tissue vaccine, duck embryo vaccine and tissue culture vaccine. Due to the different preparation methods, the number of injections required, the route of injection and the response of the human body to the vaccine after inoculation are also different. Now the rabies vaccine and other issues will be briefly described as follows: First, the type of vaccine and characteristics of a vaccine (Semple): is a nerve tissue preparation vaccine (NTV), its preparation is based on a fixed poison infected sheep brain (or rabbit brain) Inactivated by carbolic acid and made. Vaccination, the need to inject 14 to 21 times for a course of treatment, adults, each 2 ml, respectively, in the abdomen, back and other places alternately for subcutaneous injection, the general daily injection. If the vaccine alone, 14 days have enough to produce immune effect; if the bite in the face, neck, fingers or combined with immune serum injection, you need 21 days (needle).