电子器件的小型化和运作速度的增长是20世纪科技最引人注目的成就之一。现在已拥有包括数十亿个晶体管的计算机芯片，能在几十亿分之一秒内完成一次操作。过去几十年间性能上的恒定增长将来还会继续吗？这个问题现在还没有明确的答案，不过芯片开发人员已开始感到各种基本限制 The miniaturization of electronic devices and the growth of their operating speed are one of the most remarkable achievements of science and technology in the 20th century. Now has a computer chip that includes billions of transistors that can be operated in billions of parts per second. Will the steady growth in performance over the past few decades continue? There is no clear answer to this question, but chip developers are beginning to feel the basic restrictions