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【目的】研究马蜂肠道真菌对反枝苋的抑制活性,为开发微生物源除草剂奠定基础。【方法】通过测试11种肠道真菌发酵液对反枝苋根生长的抑制效果筛选出活性菌株MF06。通过形态学观察和分子生物学鉴定确定MF06的分类地位。通过硅胶柱层析法、薄层层析法、葡聚糖凝胶柱层析法对乙酸乙酯粗提物进行分离、纯化,得到代谢产物1,研究代谢产物1对反枝苋根生长的抑制作用。利用核磁共振谱和质谱确定代谢产物1的化学结构。【结果】经形态学观察和ITS序列分析确定MF06菌株为尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)。当供试质量浓度为100μg/mL时,该菌株发酵液的乙酸乙酯提取物对反枝苋根生长的抑制率大于68%。从乙酸乙酯粗提物中分离得到代谢产物1,经过结构鉴定为镰刀菌酸与9,10-脱氢镰刀菌酸以1:1比例形成的混合物。活性测试表明代谢产物1对反枝苋根生长具有很强的抑制作用,抑制活性的IC50值为(0.51±0.18)μg/mL,与阳性对照药2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸的活性[IC50值为(0.30±0.14)μg/mL]相当。【结论】MF06菌株具有开发为微生物源除草剂的潜力。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to study the inhibitory activity of enteropathogenic fungi on Amaranthus retroflexus and lay the foundation for the development of herbicide for microbial sources. 【Method】 The active strain MF06 was screened by testing the inhibitory effects of 11 kinds of intestinal fungi fermentation broth on the root growth of Amaranthus. The classification status of MF06 was confirmed by morphological observation and molecular biology. The crude extract of ethyl acetate was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and Sephadex G-Sepharose chromatography to obtain the metabolite 1. The effect of metabolite 1 on the root growth of Amaranthus retroflexus Inhibition. The chemical structure of metabolite 1 was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. 【Result】 The results showed that MF06 strain was Fusarium oxysporum by morphological observation and ITS sequence analysis. When the tested concentration was 100μg / mL, the inhibitory rate of the ethyl acetate extract of the strain fermentation broth on the root growth of Amaranthus retroflexus was more than 68%. Metabolite 1 was isolated from the crude ethyl acetate extract and structurally identified as a mixture of Fusaric acid and 9,10-dehydro-Fusaric acid in a 1: 1 ratio. The activity test showed that the metabolite 1 had a strong inhibitory effect on the root growth of Amaranthus retroflexus and the IC50 value of the inhibitory activity was (0.51 ± 0.18) μg / mL, which was comparable to that of the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [ The IC50 value was (0.30 ± 0.14) μg / mL]. 【Conclusion】 The MF06 strain has the potential to be developed as a microbial source herbicide.