为了探究不同有机物覆盖对冷凉地区果园土壤理化性质的影响,在‘寒富’苹果园设置了杂草、稻草、玉米秸秆、粉碎枝条4个覆盖处理,对比分析了各处理果园土壤水分、养分等指标的变化.结果表明:有机物覆盖增加了土壤含水量,以干旱季节最为明显;减缓了春季土壤温度上升速度,不利于果树前期生长,但降低了夏季土壤的最高温,提高了秋冬季土壤的最低温;提高了土壤的pH值,以玉米秸秆覆盖处理最为明显,减轻了土壤酸化,使土壤pH接近中性;不同程度提高了土壤有机质含量,以杂草覆盖处理最为明显.覆盖还增加了土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量,但稻草覆盖处理碱解氮含量低于对照. In order to explore the influence of different organic matter coverage on the physicochemical properties of orchard soil in cold area, 4 treatments including weeds, straw, corn stalks and shredded shoots were set up in ’Hanfu’ apple orchard. The soil moisture, Etc. The results showed that organic matter coverage increased soil water content to the most obvious in the dry season, slowed the rate of soil temperature rise in spring and was not conducive to the early growth of fruit trees, but decreased the maximum temperature in summer and increased soil in autumn and winter The soil temperature increased, the soil pH value increased, the coverage of corn stalks was the most obvious, the soil acidification was reduced, the soil pH was nearly neutral, the content of soil organic matter was increased to the most extent, and the weed coverage was most obvious. Soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium, but straw mulching treatment lower than the content of alkaline nitrogen.