论文部分内容阅读
目的调查四川省雅安市名山区蒙顶山镇布鲁菌病相关高危因素,便于制定针对性防控措施。方法对该镇直接从事羊只屠宰、交易等从业人员及畜牧登记羊只,全部进行流行病学调查和实验室检测,并对周边市场互通区域监测进行动物血清监测。结果蒙顶山镇无专业固定的屠宰加工场所,以家庭小作坊普遍存在;采集蒙顶山镇周边8镇11乡辖区内登记家养羊只血清178份,未发现阳性血清;调查从业人员116人(屠宰、清洗人员92人,加工、交易人员24人),均未发现布病血清学阳性;从业人员年龄普遍在45岁以上,文化在程度85%为文盲,平均从业年限5年;布病相关知识调查和个人防护意识调查发现:从业人员对不同感染途径知晓率为:皮肤黏膜接触22%、消化道5%、呼吸道1%、其他途径为0;防护意识调查100%不戴口罩、100%不戴手套、97%人员工作中吸烟、95%存在工作中吃零食、84%从不穿工作服;出现布病疑似症状时仅43%人员首选第一时间就医,余下57%人员中有95%的比例由于经济困难首选自行服药。结论当地市场监管不到位,导致外地畜类未按正规程序引入;从业人员布病知晓率低,在屠宰和交易过程中缺乏有效防护,布病人间疫情不可避免。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of brucellosis in Mengdingshan Town, Mingshan District, Ya’an City, Sichuan Province, and to facilitate the development of targeted prevention and control measures. Methods The town was directly engaged in sheep slaughtering, trading and other employees and animal husbandry registration sheep, all epidemiological investigation and laboratory testing, and the surrounding market interoperability regional monitoring animal serum monitoring. Results There was no professional fixed slaughter and processing place in Mengdingshan Town, which was common in small family workshops. 178 cases of domesticated sheep serum were collected from 11 townships in 8 towns around Mengding Town, and no positive serum was found. Investigators 116 People (slaughtering, cleaning staff of 92 people, processing, trading staff of 24 people), were not found brucellosis seropositive; practitioners generally aged over 45 years old, 85% of the culture of illiteracy, the average age of 5 years of service; cloth Disease-related knowledge survey and personal protection awareness survey found that: practitioners on different routes of infection awareness: dermal mucosal contact 22%, 5% of digestive tract, respiratory tract 1%, other ways to 0; protective awareness survey 100% do not wear a mask, 100% do not wear gloves, 97% smoke at work, 95% have snacks at work, 84% never wear overalls, only 43% of patients with suspected symptoms of clothings receive medical treatment for the first time, and the remaining 57% 95% of the proportion due to financial difficulties preferred their own medication. Conclusion The local market supervision is not in place, resulting in the introduction of livestock in the field not according to the formal procedures. The awareness rate of brucellosis among practitioners is low, and there is no effective protection during slaughtering and transaction.