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目的调查我国北方某大型煤矿暴露于手传振动的掘进工人的症状与体征,以了解手传振动对作业人员健康的危害情况。方法采用问卷调查与体检相结合的方法对167名掘进工人进行调查,同时测量现场工人所用风锤的手传振动强度,应用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析。结果手传振动对作业人员的健康损伤以手麻、手部多汗、耳鸣、记忆力减退等症状为主,体检体征以凉温觉、痛觉、触觉、振动觉异常为主。对手麻这一典型症状进行危险因素分析,发现工龄、是否饮酒、每天接触手传振动的时间、是否佩戴手套均为影响因素。结论长期接触手传振动会导致作业人员健康损害,为有效预防手传振动对作业工人的健康危害,建议接触手传振动的作业人员要加强防护,降低振动强度暴露,减小工人发生危害的风险。
Objective To investigate the symptoms and signs of tunneling workers exposed to hand vibration in a large coal mine in north China so as to understand the hazards of hand vibration to the health of workers. Methods A total of 167 tunneling workers were surveyed by questionnaire survey and physical examination. The hand-vibration intensity of the hammer used by field workers was also measured. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results Hand-transmitted vibration was mainly caused by hand numbness, hand sweating, tinnitus, memory loss and other symptoms. The physical signs were mainly cold sensation, pain sensation, tactile sensation and vibration sensation. Opponents of the typical symptoms of hemangioma analysis of risk factors and found that length of service, whether drinking, daily contact hand vibration time, whether wearing gloves are the influencing factors. Conclusions Long-term exposure to hand vibration can lead to health damage to workers. To effectively prevent hand vibration from affecting workers ’health, it is suggested that workers exposed to hand vibration should strengthen protection, reduce exposure to vibration intensity and reduce the risk of workers’ .