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为了总结广州市首宗群体性假酒中毒案的救治经验,给今后指导制订应对公共卫生突发事件的应急方案提供参考依据,对饮用甲醇含量超标的散装白酒引起中毒的115例中毒者的流行病学调查资料进行了分析。将2004年5月11日至5月28日发生在广州市某区甲醇中毒事件中入院和在家死亡的确诊病例,根据其病情轻重分为4类:死亡14例,重度中毒21例,轻度中毒12例,观察病例68例。资料采用秩和检验和等级相关分析的统计学处理方法。结果表明,发病平均潜伏期为4.44 d。死亡病例和重度中毒病例平均潜伏期明显比观察病例短,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。血液中甲醇平均浓度为3.90 mmol/L。剩余酒中甲醇平均含量106.1 g/L,死亡病例和重度中毒病例剩余酒中甲醇平均含量明显高于观察病例,有显著性差异,P<0.05。病情轻重与饮酒总量间有非常显著性差异(P<0.000 1)。提示甲醇中毒潜伏期短,来势凶猛,第一例病例的确诊和及时上报,及时进行流行病学调查,采集病人剩余酒样本进行检验,对及时控制群体性假酒中毒事态的发展尤为重要。
In order to summarize the treatment experience of the first batch of alcohol abuse cases in Guangzhou and to provide guidelines for future emergency response programs in public health emergencies, 115 cases of poisoning caused by drinking bulk alcohol The survey data were analyzed. According to the severity of their illness, 14 cases were diagnosed as having died of methanol poisoning in a district of Guangzhou from May 11 to May 28, 2004. There were 14 deaths, 21 severe poisonings and mild 12 cases were poisoned and 68 cases were observed. Data using rank sum test and rank correlation analysis of statistical methods. The results showed that the average incubation period was 4.44 d. The average incubation period of death cases and severe poisoning cases was significantly shorter than the observed cases, with significant difference (P <0.05). The average methanol concentration in the blood was 3.90 mmol / L. The average content of methanol in the remaining wines was 106.1 g / L, and the average content of methanol in the remaining wines of the dead and severely poisoned cases was significantly higher than that of the observed cases, with a significant difference (P <0.05). There was a very significant difference between the severity of illness and the total amount of drinking (P <0.000 1). It is suggested that the incubation period of methanol poisoning is short and ferocious. The diagnosis and timely reporting of the first case, timely epidemiological investigation, and the collection of samples of the remaining alcohol in the patient are of particular importance for the timely control of the development of group cases of alcohol abuse.