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单、复数在有“数”范畴的语言中是一种语法范畴。在无“数”的语言中至多是一种语义范畴。然而,复数单用或单数复用可能会收到特殊的语用效果,如:复数单用具有谦敬功能;单数复用具有贬抑功能。而这些语用功能中,最常见的是复数单用的谦敬功能。从此角度可以解释诸如第二人称单数代词向第二人称敬称代词的语法化、能指与所指非对应式第三人称代词回指现象、阜宁话中的“侬家”放在人称代词后表示对别人的尊敬等很多语言现象,也可以预测语言发展趋势。
Single, plural in the category of “number ” category of language is a grammatical category. In the absence of “number” of language is at most a semantic category. However, complex singular or singular multiplexing may receive special pragmatic effects, such as: single use has a modest feature; single number reuse has a derogatory function. And these pragmatic functions, the most common is the single use of modesty features. From this point of view, we can explain the grammaticalization of the second-person singular pronouns to the second-person deputies, the signifier and the third-person anaphor of the corresponding non-corresponding third-person pronoun, the “Lennon’s home” in Funing dialect after the personal pronouns Respect for others and many other language phenomena, but also can predict the language development trend.