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本文首先将安全作为像桥梁与铁路系统一样的公共消费品,从而提出一个问题,即什么样的投资方案对于安全来讲是最佳的投资方案。随后转向研究个体消费者的消费体验,个体消费者面对安全问题时,每个人有不同的选择和标准,有些人需要额外的安全保障,这就要求这部分人付出相应对价。就此,本文将从单个消费者的角度去进行探讨。鉴于侵权责任和事前监管(并对违反者进行惩罚)在许多发达经济体中是并存的,本文将不讨论对两者的选择问题。在食品安全的分析问题上,我们着重讨论市场中安全保障的必要条件。
In this paper, we first consider safety as a public consumer product like a bridge and a railway system. This raises the question of what kind of investment solution is the best investment solution for safety. Then turn to the individual consumer consumer experience, individual consumers face security issues, each has different options and standards, some people need additional security, which requires some people pay the price. In this regard, this article will explore from a single consumer’s point of view. Given the coexistence of tort liability and prior supervision (and punishment of offenders) in many advanced economies, this article will not discuss the issue of the choice between the two. On the issue of food safety analysis, we focus on the necessary conditions for the safety and security in the market.