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目的探究ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)病原菌的分布及其耐药性研究。方法对我院收治的120例肺炎患者进行痰培养,利用回顾性分析方法对培养结果进行病原菌分布和耐药性分析。结果从培养结果中分离出了296株病原菌,病原菌中包含了多种细菌,有革兰阴性杆菌、真菌和革兰阳性球菌等,各占总病原菌百分比分别是75%、15%和9%。其中所有病菌中铜绿假单胞菌,肺炎克雷伯杆菌和鲍氏不动杆菌,占总病原菌百分比分别为15%,26%和12%。根据药敏结果显示,革兰阴性菌在一定程度上有耐药性,并且这种耐药性有明显的上升趋势。结论对病原菌培养结果显示,VAP患者中最主要的病菌是革兰阴性杆菌,与此同时,这种杆菌有较高的耐药性,耐药率升高的有真菌感染和混合感染,在多种感染的情况下需要对病原菌的分布和耐药性进行系统的探究。
Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in ICU. Methods 120 cases of pneumonia admitted to our hospital were sputum culture, and the results of pathogen distribution and drug resistance were analyzed by retrospective analysis. Results A total of 296 strains of pathogens were isolated from the culture results. The pathogens contained many kinds of bacteria, including Gram - negative bacilli, fungi and Gram - positive cocci. The total percentages of pathogens were 75%, 15% and 9% respectively. Among them, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii accounted for 15%, 26% and 12% of all pathogens. According to the results of drug susceptibility, Gram-negative bacteria are resistant to some extent and the resistance has a clear upward trend. Conclusion The results of pathogen culture showed that the most important bacteria in VAP patients were Gram-negative bacilli. At the same time, the bacilli had higher resistance and increased fungal infections and mixed infections. The case of infection requires the systematic investigation of the distribution and resistance of pathogens.