为了研究早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征合并肺炎的X线诊断,作者对生后48小时内死亡的新生儿54例的胸部照片进行了分析。全部病例死后病理检查均证实为典型的特发性呼吸窘迫综合征。19例合并肺炎,其中9例同时尚有肺出血、胎粪吸入及间质性肺气肿,5例可能系宫内感染。另5例合并其他肺部病变,全部病儿均于生后4～48小时,平均21小时死亡。 In order to investigate the X-ray diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia in preterm infants, the authors analyzed the chest photographs of 54 neonates who died within 48 hours after birth. All cases died after the pathological examination confirmed a typical idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. 19 cases with pneumonia, of which 9 cases also have pulmonary hemorrhage, meconium aspiration and interstitial emphysema, 5 cases may be intrauterine infection. The other 5 cases with other pulmonary lesions, all sick children were 4 to 48 hours after birth, an average of 21 hours of death.