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遗传物质的部分丢失为发现肿瘤抑制基因(tumor suppressor gene,TSG)提供了有力证据,遗传物质的耗竭可通过某些特殊等位基因的杂合性丢失(loss of heterozygosity,LOH)而予检测。杂合性丢失见于许多肿瘤系统的多个位点,在头颈部鳞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSCC),已经证明LOH发生于3p,8p,9p,10q,11p,13q,17p和18q。其中以染色体9的短臂最为常见,发生率为45％～72％不等。在癌前病变中,LOH的发生率也相对较高,9p常见的耗竭区位于9p21～22的D9 S156和D9 S165。
Partial loss of genetic material provides strong evidence for the discovery of the tumor suppressor gene (TSG). The depletion of genetic material can be detected by the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of certain particular alleles. Loss of heterozygosity is found in multiple sites in many tumor systems. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), LOH has been shown to occur in 3p, 8p, 9p, 10q, 11p, 13q, 17p and 18q. Among them, the short arm of chromosome 9 is the most common, with an incidence ranging from 45% to 72%. In precancerous lesions, the incidence of LOH is also relatively high. The 9p common depletion zone is located at 9p21-22 D9 S156 and D9 S165.