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一、前言 由于工业迅速发展,硬质合金、纯钨、钛合金等材料的应用越来越广泛,在机械制造、石油钻探、兵器、宇航和电子等部门常常遇到这些材料的加工问题。对于上述材料使用常规的机械加工方法极其困难,虽然可用通常的电火花加工方法解决,但效率极低,有的根本无法加工,如深小孔加工。为此,我们从1981年开始采用以水为基的复合工作液和特殊的脉冲电源,进行了难加工材料的电火花电解复合加工小孔的研究工作,现已取得良好的效果。在加工φ2～φ0.5毫米小孔时,加工速度:硬质合金材料为4～10毫米/分;纯钨材料为2～4毫米/分;钛合金、耐热合金材料为12～24毫米/分;对于钢材料的加工速度,一般达到或超过钛合金材料的加工速度。加工粗糙度约为,加工孔的深径比可达60倍以上。
I. INTRODUCTION Due to the rapid development of industry, the application of cemented carbide, pure tungsten and titanium alloy is more and more widely encountered in the fields of machinery manufacturing, oil drilling, weapons, aerospace and electronics. The use of conventional machining methods for the above materials is extremely difficult and can be solved by conventional electrical discharge machining methods but with extremely low efficiency and some can not be machined, such as deep hole machining. To this end, we started from 1981, the use of water-based composite working fluid and a special pulse power, the difficult processing of materials EDM EDM hole work has achieved good results. In the processing φ2 ~ φ0.5 mm holes, the processing speed: carbide material is 4 to 10 mm / min; pure tungsten material is 2 to 4 mm / min; titanium alloy, heat-resistant alloy material is 12 to 24 mm / Min; for steel processing speed, titanium alloy materials generally meet or exceed the processing speed. The processing roughness is about, the deep hole diameter of processing hole can reach more than 60 times.