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采用禾谷类作物种子数量性状遗传模型 ,分析籼型黑米稻品种双列杂交 F1 和 F2 种子粒形性状与其中矿质元素 Fe、Zn、Mn和 P含量间的多种遗传相关性。结果表明 ,籼型黑米粒重、粒长、粒宽、粒长 /粒宽与其中 Fe、Zn、Mn和 P含量除存在明显的表现型相关和基因型相关外 ,尚存在较明显的种子直接加性相关、直接显性相关、细胞质相关、母体加性相关和母体显性相关 ,其中 ,粒重与 Zn、Mn和 P含量表现显著或极显著负向种子直接加性相关 ,与 P含量呈现极显著正向母体加性相关 ;粒长与 Fe和 Mn含量的种子直接加性相关为正 ,而与 Zn和 P的为负 ,且均达极显著水平 ;粒宽与 Mn含量的负向种子直接加性相关亦达极显著水平。据此 ,在籼型黑米杂交后代选择中 ,通过粒形性状的间接选择 ,可以达到改良其中某些矿质元素含量的营养品质育种目标。其中 ,选择窄粒或小粒型单粒种子材料 ,利于提高 Zn、Mn和 P含量 ;选择细长形单粒种子 ,利于提高 Fe、Mn含量 ,而选择短粒形单粒种子则利于提高 Zn、P含量 ;选择单株整体粒重偏大的材料利于提高 P含量。
The heredity model of cereal crop quantitative traits was used to analyze the genetic relationship between the grain shape traits and the contents of Fe, Zn, Mn and P in two types of indica hybrid rice F1 and F2. The results showed that the grain weight, grain length, grain width, grain length / grain width of indica type black rice were significantly correlated with the content of Fe, Zn, Mn and P except obvious phenotypic correlation and genotype correlation Among them, the grain weight was significantly related to the content of Zn, Mn and P, and significant to the direct additive of the negative seeds, while the content of P was Significant positive maternal additive-related; grain length and Fe and Mn content of seeds direct additively positive correlation with Zn and P negative, and reached an extremely significant level; grain width and Mn content of negative seeds The direct additive correlation also reached a significant level. Therefore, in the selection of progenies of indica hybrid rice, through the indirect selection of grain traits, it is possible to achieve the nutritional breeding goal of improving some of these mineral elements. Among them, the selection of narrow grain or small grain single seed material, which is conducive to increasing the content of Zn, Mn and P; select slender single seed, help to improve the Fe, Mn content, while the selection of short grain single grain is beneficial to improve the Zn, P content; Select the whole plant grain weight is conducive to increasing the P content.