目的:观察并评价分别接受不同化疗方案[长春新碱+多柔比星+地塞米松(VAD)、马法兰+泼尼松+沙利度胺(MPT)和硼替佐米+地塞米松(VD)]对初治多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者的疗效。方法:对确诊为MM的76例患者进行回顾性分析,其中28例采用VD方案,39例采用VAD方案,9例采用MPT方案,判定以上3种方案的疗效。结果:VD方案的疗效优于VAD和MPT方案(89.3%∶61.5%,P<0.05;89.3%∶33.3%,P<0.01),不良反应发生率低于VAD和MPT方案(35.7%∶66.7%,P<0.05;35.7%∶100%,P<0.01)。结论:VD方案治疗MM的疗效明显优于VAD和MPT方案,且不良反应较少,是一种值得推荐治疗MM的安全、可靠及有效的方法。 OBJECTIVE: To observe and evaluate the effects of different chemotherapy regimens [vincristine + doxorubicin + dexamethasone (VAD), melphalan + prednisone + thalidomide (MPT) and bortezomib + dexamethasone )] In patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: A total of 76 patients diagnosed with MM were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 28 were treated with VD, 39 were treated with VAD and 9 were treated with MPT. The efficacy of the above three regimens was evaluated. Results: The efficacy of VD regimen was superior to that of VAD and MPT regimen (89.3% vs 61.5%, P <0.05; 89.3% vs33.3%, P <0.01), and the incidence of adverse reactions was lower than that of VAD and MPT regimen (35.7% vs66.7% , P <0.05; 35.7%: 100%, P <0.01). Conclusion: The efficacy of VD regimen is superior to that of VAD and MPT regimen in treating MM, with fewer adverse reactions. It is a safe, reliable and effective method to treat MM.