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目前我国股份制企业的几种类型所谓股份制企业,是指全部注册资本由全体股东共同出资,并以股份形式构成的企业,目前,我国股份制企业有以下几种类型: 1.集团股份制企业。这是由企业之同各自以资金、设备、厂房、专利、商标等生产要素和工业产权投资参股而组成的生产经营联合体。投资参股的基本形成有3种:一是把设备、厂房等固定资产折价入股;二是用企业历年留利的积累(自有资金)直接投资入股;三是以技术、专利、商标等工业产权折价入股。这类以生产要素和工业产权投资参股形成的股份制企业多由大中型企业组成,具有企业集团群体的优势。2.合作股份制企业。这是由合作经济单位之间在自愿互利的原则下投资参股而形成的生产经营实体。3.集资股份制企业。这类股份制企业在农村是指乡镇通过“以资带劳、带股就业”兴办的乡镇企业和农民自愿集资入股兴办的村办企业。在城市是指城镇居民自愿集资入股兴办的集体企业。
At present, several types of so-called joint-stock companies in China’s joint-stock enterprises refer to all registered capital that are jointly funded by all shareholders and formed in the form of shares. At present, there are several types of joint-stock enterprises in China: 1. Group-owned enterprises. This is a joint production and operation entity that consists of the same companies as their capital, equipment, factories, patents, trademarks and other production factors and industrial property investment shares. There are three basic forms of investment participation: First, the fixed assets such as equipment and factory buildings are discounted into shares; second, the company accumulates its own profits (own funds) over the years to directly invest in shares; thirdly, it is based on industrial property rights such as technology, patents, and trademarks. Discounted shares. Such joint-stock enterprises formed by the participation of shares in production factors and industrial property rights are mostly composed of large and medium-sized enterprises, which have the advantage of the group of enterprise groups. 2. Cooperative joint-stock enterprises. This is a production and operation entity formed by cooperative economic units under the principle of voluntariness and mutual benefit. 3. Collecting funds for joint-stock enterprises. Such joint-stock enterprises in the rural areas refer to village-town enterprises set up by townships and townships through “financing by means of capital, labor, and shareholding” and village-owned enterprises that farmers set up by voluntarily raising funds. In the city is a collective enterprise where urban residents voluntarily raise funds to set up shares.