美国从建国一直到20世纪30年代,其制造业主要集中在东北部地区,美国南部①资源丰富,但经济发展水平历来都落后于其他地区。自20世纪30年代以来,尤其是第二次世界大战结束以后,美国联邦政府采取了一系列措施来促进困难地区特别是南部落后地区的经济发展。在联邦区域政策的有力支持下,南部地区经济获得了较大的发展,各地区之间的收入差距也在不断缩小。本文从社会经济发展历史的角度,试图比较全面地探寻美国南部地区边缘化的原因和崛起的路径,以期对中国“中部崛起”相关战略的制定和执行提供借鉴和参考。 From the founding of the People’s Republic until the 1930s, the United States mainly concentrated its manufacturing industry in the northeastern part of the country. The southern part of the United States has abundant resources but its economic development has lagged behind other parts of the world. Since the 1930s, especially after the end of World War II, the federal government has taken a series of measures to promote economic development in the difficult areas, especially in the backward areas in the south. With the strong support of the federal regional policy, the economy of the southern region has made great progress, and the income gap among various regions is also shrinking. In this paper, from the perspective of the history of social and economic development, I try to explore the reasons for the marginalization of the southern United States and the path of its rise in a more comprehensive way with a view to providing reference for the formulation and implementation of the related strategy of “Rise of Central China”.