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我国西北侏罗纪煤储量巨大,煤质优良,多低灰、低硫,被称为“优质煤”。在总结前人研究成果基础上,对其煤岩学特征及其地质控制因素进行了探讨。研究认为,不同地质背景下形成的煤其煤岩学特征表现各异,如新疆的艾维尔沟、阜康等矿区的煤可用于炼焦,神华煤可直接液化,吐哈盆地的煤具有成油潜力。西北中侏罗世煤普遍富含惰质组,贫矿物质最为显著,与我国东部石炭-二叠纪煤以及国外“冈瓦纳煤”均存在较大差异,西北侏罗纪煤煤岩类型独特,是大型内陆型盆地演化的产物,多属低变质烟煤,局部也有中、高变质烟煤和无烟煤,还出现一个褐煤矿点。在煤地质学与煤岩学、煤化学等方面的深入研究,对今后洁净、高效、合理地利用西北侏罗纪优质煤资源十分重要。
Jurassic coal reserves in northwest China is huge, high quality coal, low ash, low sulfur, known as “high quality coal ”. On the basis of summarizing the previous research results, the coal petrology characteristics and geological control factors are discussed. The study shows that the coal formed under different geological backgrounds has different characteristics of coal and rock science. For example, the coal in the Xinjiang Uygur and Fukang mines can be used for coking, Shenhua coal can be directly liquefied, and the coal in the Turpan-Hami basin has oil formation potential. The Middle Jurassic coal in northwestern China is generally enriched in an inertinite group with the most depleted minerals, which is quite different from the Carboniferous Permian coal in the eastern part of China and the foreign Gondwana coal. The coal and rock types in the northwestern Jurassic are unique, It is a product of the evolution of large inland basins. Most of them are low-metamorphic bituminous coal, and some also have medium-high metamorphic bituminous coal and anthracite coal, and a brown coal mine site also appears. In-depth study on coal geology, coal petrology and coal chemistry will be very important for the clean, efficient and rational utilization of the high-quality coal resources of the Northwest Jurassic in the future.