在上世纪40年代以前,美国主流文学中的黑人女性都是以一种刻板的模式出现的。南方文学中最突出的黑人女性代表形象大多以保姆、情妇或混血儿出现。直到上世纪70年代,随着黑人民权运动和妇女解放运动的兴起,美国文坛涌现出一大批才华横溢的黑人女作家,如托妮·莫里森、爱丽斯·沃克等,自 Before the 1940s, black women in mainstream American literature appeared in a stereotyped manner. The most prominent representatives of black women in Southern literature mostly appear as nannies, mistresses or half-breeds. Until the 1970s, with the rise of the black civil rights movement and the women’s liberation movement, a large number of talented black female writers emerged in the American literary world, such as Toni Morrison and Alice Walker