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《地下室手记》应被视作陀思妥耶夫斯基表达其根基主义立场的政治实践,但沙俄的书报审查对文本的删减阻碍了作家主导思想的表达,颠覆了作家的政治意图。被审核的文本成为20世纪宗教哲学家和文学评论家建构《地下室手记》世界文学史意义的物质基础,而其中最具影响力和代表性的解读策略是用尼采和存在主义哲学分析“地下室人”的话语。这两种解读方法存在着思想史发展脉络的合理性;但由于忽视文本被删减的历史事实,这两种阐释都误解并遮蔽了作家原本的政治意图。
“Notes in the basement” should be regarded as Dostoyevsky’s political practice of expressing its fundamentalist position. However, the censorship of the press in Russia’s censorship of texts hindered the expression of the dominant ideology of the writer and subverted the writer’s political intention. The audited text has become the material basis for the 20th century religious philosophers and literary critics to construct the meaning of “basement notes” in the history of world literature. One of the most influential and representative reading strategies is to use Nietzsche and existential philosophy to analyze the basement People "words. Both methods of interpretation have the rationality of the development of the thought history. However, due to ignoring the historical fact that the text is deleted, both interpretations misunderstand and obscure the author’s original political intention.