为研究煤矿事故致因因素中的自然因素的特征,运用文献调研、系统分析的方法分析了煤矿事故中的自然因素,认为构成矿井自然因素归为瓦斯、煤尘、自然发火、水文地质条件、顶板条件、地质构造6大类。以《中国煤矿事故暨专家点评集》中1 500余个案例为基础,以煤矿事故起数、死亡人数为主要指标,从事故发生的频次、地域和时间3个角度探讨了6类自然因素的分布特征。分析结果显示,各类自然因素从不同程度上影响煤矿事故的发生,认为自然因素对煤矿事故有较大致灾作用,并随采深增加有加重趋势。 In order to study the characteristics of natural factors in causal factors of coal mine accident, natural factors in coal mine accidents were analyzed by means of literature research and systematic analysis. It is considered that the natural factors that make up mines are classified as gas, coal dust, spontaneous combustion and hydrogeological conditions, Roof conditions, geological structure 6 categories. Based on more than 1 500 cases from “Commentary on Coal Mine Incidents and Experts in China”, taking the number of coal mine incidents and the death toll as the main indicators, this paper discusses six types of natural factors from the angle of frequency, region and time of the accident Distribution characteristics. The results of the analysis show that all kinds of natural factors affect the occurrence of coal mine accidents in varying degrees and that natural factors have a greater catastrophic effect on coal mine accidents and tend to increase with the increase of mining depth.