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海潮及受其影响的海岸带地下水位具有复杂的周期性变化和趋势性变化。该文建立趋势项与周期项之和的数学模型来描述水位的实际变化。用线性函数拟合其趋势项,用傅立叶级数拟合其周期项,用频谱分析和最小二乘法确定周期项函数。用实测水位和计算水位的误差平方和检验拟合结果。结果表明拟合效果好。所建立的数学模型可以用来对海潮和岸边地下水位变化进行预测,预测水位总体上能较好地反映实测水位的变化特点,适宜于较短时间的预测。
The tide and the coastal zone water table affected by it have complex cyclical and trend changes. This paper establishes a mathematical model of the sum of trend and period terms to describe the actual changes in water level. Fitting the trend items with a linear function, fitting the periodic items with the Fourier series, and determining the periodic item functions with the spectral analysis and the least square method. The fitted results were tested by the square sum of the measured water level and the error of the calculated water level. The result shows that the fitting effect is good. The established mathematical model can be used to predict the variation of the sea level and the shoreline water table. The prediction of the water level generally reflects the change of the measured water level and is suitable for the prediction of the shorter time.