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河流改道是对河道进行裁弯取直使河道变直变短,进而加大河床的坡降,河水流速加大。河水流速加大就会产生河床的冲刷,导致河床降低,沿河路堤墙、护岸墙等墙体基础被淘空,导致墙体倒塌。此外,公路建设中,也还存在拦砂坝的下游冲刷、拦砂坝与岸坡的交接及护岸工程与天然河岸的交接处的冲刷、旱桥下的冲刷等问题。针对这些问题研究了应采取的措施。
River diversion is to cut the river to cut straight to make the river straight shorter, and then increase the slope of the river bed, the river flow rate increases. When the flow rate of water increases, erosion of the river bed will occur, which will result in the decrease of the riverbed. The wall bases such as the embankment and revetment along the river are being rented out, resulting in the collapse of the wall. In addition, in highway construction, there are also problems such as the downstream erosion of sand bar, the transfer of sand bar and bank slope, the erosion of bank protection project and the intersection of natural river bank, erosion under the dry bridge. In response to these problems, we should study the measures to be taken.