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人类白细胞抗原(HLA)是目前所知的最具有多态性的遗传系统之一,它位于人类第6号染色体短臂上,总长度3600kb,约占人类基因组总长度的1/3000。整个HLA复合体共有数十个基因座,可分为HLA-Ⅰ类、HLA-Ⅱ类、HLA-Ⅲ类基因。HLA-B基因座属于HLA-Ⅰ类基因,它是HLA编码系统中最复杂,多态性最多的区域,由于其高变区各个等位基因差异仅在几个碱基,且只有极少等位基因某个高变区具有独立的碱基序列,因而交叉反应众多,故B位点往往出现定型困难[1]。尽管现有特异性寡核苷酸探针技术已经达到了中等分辨水平,但对于HLA-B座位上有些模棱两可的基因型尚不能
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is one of the most polymorphic genetic systems known to date. It is located on the short arm of human chromosome 6 with a total length of 3600 kb, accounting for about 1/3000 of the total human genome. The entire HLA complex has dozens of loci and can be divided into HLA-Ⅰ, HLA-Ⅱ and HLA-Ⅲ genes. HLA-B locus belongs to HLA-Ⅰ gene, which is the most complex and most polymorphic region in HLA coding system. Because alleles of hypervariable regions differ only by a few bases and only a few A hypervariable region of a gene has an independent base sequence, and thus cross-reaction is numerous, so the stereotyped B site tends to appear difficult [1]. Although currently available specific oligonucleotide probe technologies have reached moderate resolution, some ambiguous genotypes at the HLA-B locus have not yet been demonstrated