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近年来中国大豆进口量保持持续增长的趋势,同时嘉里、中粮、中储粮、九三集团等粮油行业巨头加快了在国内压榨生产企业的布局,国内的大豆压榨生产能力快速增长。但是与此对应的是国内大豆压榨行业已经进入了产能过剩的阶段,即使嘉里、中粮这些行业龙头也避免不了开工率不足的情况发生。国内的大豆压榨企业是资金密集型企业,对于商业银行的资金需求比较旺盛,如何了解这些企业的生产经营特点和风险特征,是商业银行有效控制该类客户信用风险的关键。本文从大豆压榨企业经营的宏观经济环境、原材料采购、生产流程、销售渠道等方面对大豆压榨行业进行授信风险分析。
In recent years, the import volume of soybean in China has maintained a sustained growth trend. Meanwhile, the grain and oil industry giants such as Kerry, COFCO, China Grain Reserves and the 93 Group accelerated the layout of domestic crushing enterprises and the rapid growth of domestic soybean crushing production capacity. However, correspondingly, the domestic soybean crushing industry has entered the stage of overcapacity. Even Kerry and COFCO leaders in these industries can not avoid the shortage of operating capacity. The domestic soybean crushing enterprises are capital-intensive enterprises, and the capital demand of commercial banks is relatively strong. It is the key for commercial banks to effectively control the credit risk of such customers how to understand the characteristics of production and operation and the risk characteristics of these enterprises. This paper analyzes the credit risk of the soybean crushing industry from the macroeconomic environment of soybean crushing enterprises, raw material procurement, production flow and sales channels.