“流脑”是流行性脑脊髓膜炎的简称,是由脑膜炎球菌引起的呼吸道传染病。脑膜炎球菌存在于病人或带菌者体内,主要借助咳嗽、喷嚏、说话等由飞沫通过空气传播,进入呼吸道引起感染。发病人群以15岁以下者居多,6个月～3岁幼儿发病率最高。流脑一年四季都可发病,我国各地均有发生,但是尤以冬春季节发病为高。这是因为这段时间里气候寒冷、空气干燥、呼吸道抵抗力降低,加上室外活动少、空气流通不畅、阳光缺少、居住拥挤等,容易感染脑膜炎球菌。 “Myocardium ” is short for meningococcal meningitis, is caused by meningococcal respiratory disease. Meningococci exist in patients or carriers of the body, mainly by means of cough, sneeze, talking, etc. by the droplets through the air, into the respiratory tract caused by infection. The incidence of the majority of people under the age of 15, 6 months to 3 years old the highest incidence of children. Mycotic disease can occur throughout the year, all over China have occurred, but especially in winter and spring incidence is high. This is because during this time the weather is cold, the air is dry, the respiratory resistance is reduced, coupled with less outdoor activities, poor ventilation, lack of sunshine, crowded living, and so on, which can easily infect meningococci.