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调查了西安市雁塔区三所小学学生对于“图形与几何”四大部分的掌握情况,发现小学生在学习数学方面呈现出以下几个心理特点:遵循从形象到抽象、从感性到理性的认识规律;年级升高,个体差异变大;四年级是重要转折期。据此提出相应对策:加强直观、形象教学方式;抽象知识具体化,促进学生有效参与;多种教学措施,缩小个体差异。
This paper investigates the mastery of the four major parts of “Graphics and Geometry” by three primary school students in Yanta District of Xi’an City and finds that the pupils present the following psychological characteristics in learning mathematics: From the image to the abstract, from the sensibility to the rational Of the law of cognition; grade, individual differences become larger; fourth grade is an important turning point. Accordingly, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward: to strengthen the visual and image teaching methods; to abstract the concreteness of the knowledge and to promote the effective participation of the students; to make various teaching measures and to reduce the individual differences.