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根据真空冶金原理,以分离含砷锑复杂铜镍合金中的元素砷和锑为目的,采用真空蒸馏法研究含砷锑复杂铜镍合金在真空(10~30 Pa)的条件下蒸馏过程中As,Sb的蒸发规律,考察蒸馏温度、恒温时间、多元合金中其他组元对As,Sb蒸发的影响。实验结果表明:随着蒸馏温度及恒温时间的延长,As,Sb的蒸发量和挥发率均增大。X射线衍射分析表明:当蒸馏温度低于1473 K时,残留物中的As与Cu形成的化合物Cu3As及Cu5As2,阻碍了As的彻底挥发;当蒸馏温度高于1473 K时,残留物中的As与Cu形成的化合物Cu3As及Cu5As2发生分解,使得As元素挥发得更为彻底;蒸馏温度从1573升至1673 K的过程Sb与Cu,Ni形成的化合物部分分解,Sb的挥发率明显增大。
According to the principle of vacuum metallurgy, in order to separate the arsenic and antimony from the arsenic-antimony complex copper-nickel alloy, the vacuum distillation was used to study the effect of As on antimony complex copper nickel alloy under vacuum (10 ~ 30 Pa) , And the evaporation regularity of Sb. The effects of distillation temperature and holding time on the evaporation of As and Sb in the multi-component alloys were investigated. The experimental results show that with the increase of distillation temperature and constant temperature, the evaporation and volatilization of As and Sb increase. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that when the distillation temperature is lower than 1473 K, the compounds Cu3As and Cu5As2 formed by As and Cu in the residue impede the complete volatilization of As; when the distillation temperature is higher than 1473 K, the As The decomposition of Cu3As and Cu5As2 with Cu leads to a more complete volatilization of As. When the distillation temperature is from 1573 to 1673 K, the compounds formed by Sb, Cu and Ni are partially decomposed and the volatilization rate of Sb is obviously increased.