近来,有关在课堂环境中如何学习第二语言和外语的讨论,强调了为发展第二语言的交际技能而在学生间进行目标语言交际活动的重要性。要进行语言交际,那么在学习与认知的过程中,得到学生的合作与配合是十分重要的。然而,对语言教师来说,所存在的问题是大多数教材对于如何与学生配合进行使用目标语言的交际活动几乎没有提供什么材料。相反,商品化的教学材料(教材、教程课本、学生用书等等)通常为教师提供了大 Recently, discussions on how to learn a second language and a foreign language in a classroom setting have emphasized the importance of engaging in target language communication among students for the development of second-language communicative skills. For language communication, then in the process of learning and cognition, it is very important to get cooperation and cooperation from students. However, for language teachers, the problem is that most textbooks provide very little material on how to use the target language in conjunction with students. In contrast, commercialized teaching materials (textbooks, tutorials, student books, etc.) often provide teachers with large