目的 :探讨利用腹腔镜及后腹腔镜技术行活体亲属供肾切取的手术方法 ,评价其安全性、可行性及临床效果。方法 :术前对供、受者进行全面的免疫学检查 ,并对供者作详细的安全性评价 ,行SPECT检查了解两侧肾功能 ,DSA了解肾血管的变异情况。分别采用经腹腔及后腹腔的腹腔镜技术行活体亲属供肾切取 ,并用常规方法移植给受者。结果 :2例均成功切取左肾并移植给受者 ,热缺血时间分别为 6min及 5min ,血管开放后 5min及 10min供肾泌尿 ,无排斥反应及与操作技术有关的并发症。供者术后 7d及 5d出院 ,生活能自理 ,无并发症发生。结论 :利用腹腔镜技术行活体亲属供肾切取对供者损伤小 ,术后康复快 ,对供肾功能无明显影响 ,技术上安全和可行 Objective: To evaluate the safety, feasibility and clinical effect of laparoscopic and retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery in living relatives. Methods: Preoperative donor and recipient comprehensive immunological examination, and for donors for detailed safety evaluation, SPECT examination to understand both sides of renal function, DSA understanding of renal vascular variability. Laparoscopic and retroperitoneal laparoscopic techniques were used to excise the living relatives, respectively, and transplanted to the recipients by conventional methods. Results: Both of the two cases were successfully resected and transplanted into the recipient. The warm ischemic time was 6 min and 5 min respectively. Urinary urinary excretion, non-rejection and operation-related complications occurred at 5 min and 10 min after blood vessel opening. 7d and 5d after donor discharge, life can take care of themselves, without complications. Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery for living relatives of the kidneys cut small damage to the donor, postoperative recovery fast, no significant effect on renal function, technically safe and feasible