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为明确定向播种技术对玉米冠层光资源利用及增产的效应,设计了玉米种子不同入土方式以及不同品种移栽入土的试验,研究了玉米生育期叶片空间布局,冠层光能时空分布特征及产量性状,结果表明使玉米叶片垂直于垄向,即胚面平行于地面且朝上,种子长轴方向垂直于垄向的种子入土方式,或使叶片伸展方向垂直于垄向的定向移栽处理可以提高生育期群体对光能的截获,达到光能优化配置在玉米群体穗位层及以上部位,促进玉米叶片光合生产,提高百粒重,玉米增产5%~9%。
In order to clarify the effect of directional sowing technology on corn canopy light utilization and yield increase, experiments were conducted on different planting methods of maize seeds and transplanting of different varieties into soil. The spatial distribution of leaf energy and spatiotemporal distribution of canopy light during corn growth period were also studied. Yield traits, the results showed that the maize leaves perpendicular to the ridge, that is, the embryo parallel to the ground and up, the long axis of the seed perpendicular to the direction of the ridge into the soil or the direction of the leaves perpendicular to the extension direction of the directional transplanting Which can increase the interception of light energy in growth groups, and optimize the allocation of light energy to the ear layer and above in maize population to promote the photosynthesis of maize leaves, increase the 100-grain weight and increase the yield of corn by 5% -9%.