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目的分析子宫平滑肌肿瘤病理特征。方法对459例子宫平滑肌肿瘤标本石蜡包埋、HE染色,光镜检查。结果459例中,肌壁间肌瘤378例(82.35%),黏膜下肌瘤48例(10.46%),浆膜下肌瘤33例(7.19%);其中单发性肌瘤230例(50.11%),多发性肌瘤229例(49.89%);平滑肌瘤431例(93.90%),恶性潜能未定的平滑肌瘤27例(5.88%),平滑肌肉瘤仅1例(0.22%)。结论子宫平滑肌肿瘤是妇科最常见的肿瘤,高发年龄为41～50岁,主要以良性为主。病因和发病机制目前尚不清楚,资料显示,与雌激素、孕激素及各种生长因子有关。交界性平滑肌瘤诊断困难,与病理因素、临床因素有关。核分裂象虽是判断良、恶性的一项重要指标,但还应结合临床因素综合分析,作出正确的诊断。
Objective To analyze the pathological features of uterine smooth muscle tumors. Methods 459 cases of uterine smooth muscle tumor specimens embedded in paraffin, HE staining, light microscopy. Results Of the 459 cases, 378 (82.35%) had intramuscular myomas, 48 (10.46%) had submucosal fibroids, and 33 (7.19%) had subserosal fibroids. Among them, 230 (50.11) (49.89%), 431 cases of leiomyoma (93.90%), 27 cases (5.88%) of undetermined malignant potential leiomyoma and 1 case (0.22%) of leiomyosarcoma. Conclusion Uterine smooth muscle tumors are the most common gynecological tumors, the high incidence of 41 to 50 years old, mainly in benign. Etiology and pathogenesis is not yet clear, the data show that with estrogen, progesterone and various growth factors. Diagnosis of borderline leiomyoma difficult, and pathological factors, clinical factors. Although the image of mitosis is a good indicator of benign and malignant, it should be combined with comprehensive analysis of clinical factors to make a correct diagnosis.