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免耕是适合中国国情的实用技术,对中国农业可持续发展作用甚大。在此,阐述了免耕定义、原理、作用及免耕的历史与发展,归纳了免耕对土壤水分、温度、土壤物理、土壤化学、土壤生物学和作物生长发育及最终产量、经济效益方面等的影响:免耕由于减少了土壤蒸发,有利于提高水分利用效率,促进作物生长;但免耕降低土壤温度,特别是春季,不利于作物的生长,同时,免耕土壤结构、土壤微生物数量与活性相对稳定有利于提高养分利用效率和作物生长。在产量和效益方面,免耕有利于提高产量,更有利于提高效益。
No-till is a practical technology suitable for China’s national conditions and has a great effect on the sustainable development of agriculture in China. Here, the definition, principle and effect of no-till and the history and development of no-till are expounded, and the effects of no-till on soil moisture, temperature, soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology, crop growth and development and final yield, economic benefits The effects of no-tillage on reducing soil evaporation, improving water use efficiency and promoting crop growth; however, no-tillage to reduce soil temperature, especially in spring, is not conducive to crop growth, while no-till soil structure, soil microbial quantity Relatively stable with activity is conducive to improving nutrient use efficiency and crop growth. In terms of yield and benefits, no-till helps to increase production and is more conducive to improving efficiency.