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目的了解济源市不同人群乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)病毒表面抗原携带率和乙肝病毒感染率,评价乙肝疫苗免疫策略实施效果。方法 2012年根据河南省四病流行病学调查方案的要求,将济源市街道办事处和镇以及所辖的所有居委会和行政村(资料来自济源市统计局)上报河南省疾病预防控制中心参与河南省随机抽样,确定济源市天坛办事处西石露头居委会作为城市调查点,承留镇北勋村作为农村调查点。采取分阶段随机抽样方法确定目标人群,对目标人群采用统一的调查表调查登记并采血进行HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc检测,使用EpiData3.1软件建立数据库利用SAS进行分析。结果 1～74岁健康人群HBV表面抗原、表面抗体和核心抗体阳性率分别为1.9%、58.52%和21.41%;男性HBsAg阳性率较女性低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);HBsAg在1～20岁人群未发现阳性,35～54岁HBsAg阳性率最高,为5.58%;抗-HBs阳性率呈现出随年龄增长逐渐升高到15～20岁达高峰而后又随年龄增长逐渐下降的趋势;城区HBsAg阳性率较农村低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),城区抗-HBs阳性率较农村高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论济源市乙肝防治工作效果显著,全人群HBsAg携带率持续下降,1～20岁人群HBsAg携带率下降更为明显。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen and hepatitis B virus infection in different populations in Jiyuan City, and to evaluate the effect of hepatitis B vaccine immunization strategy. Methods According to the requirements of the four-disease epidemiological investigation plan of Henan province in 2012, Jiyuan city subdistrict offices and towns and all neighborhood committees and administrative villages under their jurisdiction (data from Jiyuan Bureau of Statistics) were reported to Henan CDC for participation in Henan Provincial random sampling, Jiyuan City, Temple of Heaven determined Jinshi outcrops neighborhood as a city investigation point, Cheng Xun North Village as a rural investigation point. The stochastic sampling method was used to determine the target population. The target population was registered with a unified questionnaire and blood samples were collected for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc detection. The database was constructed using EpiData 3.1 software and analyzed by SAS. Results The positive rates of HBsAg, HBsAg and HBsAg in HBeAg-positive patients were 1.9%, 58.52% and 21.41%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg was lower in males than in females, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05) The positive rate of HBsAg in 35 ~ 54 years old was the highest, which was 5.58%. The positive rate of anti-HBs showed a gradual increase with age to 15 ~ 20 years old and then decreased gradually with age . The positive rate of HBsAg in urban areas was lower than that in rural areas, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The positive rate of anti-HBs in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas (P <0.05). Conclusion The effect of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in Jiyuan City is significant. The carrying rate of HBsAg in the whole population continues to decline, and the carrier rate of HBsAg in the population aged 1 ~ 20 years is more obvious.