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山区铁路坡度大,所需的机车牵引力亦大,这就需用动轴数较多的重型机车。但动轴多,机车的固定轴距就长,固定轴距过长的机车又不适用于曲线既多、曲线半径又小的山区铁路,从而形成一个矛盾。早期,由于机车重联技术的限制,不能采用双机牵引,为使重型蒸汽机车的汽缸不超出限界,也为了减少重型蒸汽机车的修理费用,人们曾采用了一种称为活节蒸汽机车的重型机车来解决山区的铁路所需的大牵引力机车问题。
Large mountain railway gradient, the required locomotive traction is also large, which requires a greater number of heavy-duty locomotives. However, there are many moving axles, the fixed wheelbase of the locomotive is long, and the locomotive with a long fixed wheelbase is not suitable for mountainous railways with more curves and smaller radii of curvature, thus forming a contradiction. In the early days, due to the limitation of locomotive reconnection technology, dual traction could not be adopted. In order to reduce the cylinder of heavy duty steam locomotive and to reduce the cost of repairing heavy duty steam locomotive, people used a type of locomotive called locomotive steam locomotive Heavy locomotive to solve the problem of locomotive with large traction required for mountain railway.